Hendrick ter Brugghen
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| Hendrick ter Brugghen |
Hendrick ter Brugghen, Flute Player (1621) |
| Born |
1588 |
| Died |
1 November 1629 (aged 40–41) |
| Field |
Painting |
Hendrick Jansz ter Brugghen (or
Terbrugghen) (1588 – 1 November 1629) was a
Dutch painter, and a leading member of the Dutch followers of
Caravaggio — the so-called Dutch
Caravaggisti.
Biography
Little is known of the early life of ter Brugghen; he could have been born in
The Hague,
but his family seems to have moved to the strongly Catholic Utrecht in
the early 1590s. Here he started painting at the age of thirteen,
studying with
Abraham Bloemaert.
From Bloemaert, a Mannerist history painter, he learned the basics of
the art. Around 1604, however, ter Brugghen travelled to
Italy
to expand his skills, like many of his Dutch counterparts, with the
exception of Rembrandt who is known for his adamant refusal to do so. He
was in
Rome
in 1604, and could therefore have been in direct contact with
Caravaggio (who fled the city in 1606 on a murder charge). He certainly
studied his work, as well as that of his followers – the Italian
Caravaggisti – such as
Orazio Gentileschi. Caravaggio's work had caused quite a sensation in Italy. His paintings were characteristic for their bold
chiaroscuro
technique – the contrast produced by clear, bright surfaces alongside
sombre, dark sections – but also for the social realism of the subjects,
sometimes charming, sometimes shocking or downright vulgar. Other
Italian painters who had an influence on ter Brugghen during his stay in
Italy were
Annibale Carracci,
Domenichino and
Guido Reni. ter Brugghen died in
Utrecht in 1629.
Work and impact
Upon returning to Utrecht, he worked with
Gerard van Honthorst,
another of the Dutch Caravaggisti. Ter Brugghen's favourite subjects
were half-length figures of drinkers or musicians, but he also produced
larger-scale religious images and group portraits. He carried with him
Caravaggio's influence, and his paintings have a strong dramatic use of
light and shadow, as well as emotionally charged subjects. Even though
he died young, his work was well received and had great influence on
others. His treatment of religious subjects can be seen reflected in the
work of
Rembrandt, and elements of his style can also be found in the paintings of
Frans Hals and
Johannes Vermeer.
Peter Paul Rubens described ter Brugghen's work as "...above that of all the other Utrecht artists."
Selected works
With articles:
Without:
- Granida & Daifilo (1625) — Getty Museum, Los Angeles
- Saint Sebastian Tended by Irene (1625) — Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin
- Bacchante with an Ape (1626) — Getty Museum, Los Angeles
- The Concert (1626) — National Gallery, London
- Jacob Reproaching Laban (Bible) (1627) — National Gallery, London
- Democritus (1628) — Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
- Heraclitus (1628) — Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
- Duet (1628) — Louvre, Paris
- Esau Selling His Birthright (?) — Bob Jones Museum and Gallery, Greenville, SC
References
- Benedict Nicolson, Hendrick Terbrugghen (London, 1958)
- Leonard J. Slatkes and Wayne Franits, The Paintings of Hendrick ter Brugghen, 1588-1629 (Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 2007)
- Bob Jones Museum and Gallery, Collections, (BJU, 1957)
External links
See also
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